Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles and heat flows from hot objects to cold ones, so this Year 8 sheet links temperature to particle motion and to the direction of flow. Copper is the key's good conductor and plastic foam an insulator.
Key Takeaways
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles (Q1).
Heat flows from hot to cold objects (Q2).
Q3 records copper as a good conductor.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)
Choose the correct option for each question.
1.Temperature is a measure of the...
(a) amount of heat stored in an object(b) average kinetic energy of the particles(c) size of an object(d) weight of an object
2.Heat energy always flows from...
(a) cold objects to hot objects(b) hot objects to cold objects(c) sideways only(d) in random directions
3.Which of these is the best conductor of heat?
(a) wood(b) plastic(c) copper(d) air
4.Convection currents mainly occur in...
(a) solids(b) liquids and gases(c) a vacuum(d) metals only
Section B: Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks Each)
Show all steps clearly.
7.Explain the difference between heat and temperature.
8.Name the three methods of heat transfer.
9.Why does a metal spoon feel colder than a wooden spoon at the same temperature?
10.Explain why hot water rises to the top of a pan when it is heated.
11.State one method a homeowner could use to reduce heat loss from a house.
12.Why is the inside of a vacuum flask shiny?
13.What happens to the particles of a solid when it is heated?
14.Which method of heat transfer can travel through a vacuum?
Section C: Numericals & Word Problems (3 Marks Each)
Apply the concepts to solve the problems. Show all working.
15.A beaker of water is heated from 20 °C to 50 °C. Calculate the temperature rise in °C.
16.A cup of tea cools from 80 °C to 35 °C. Calculate the temperature drop in °C.
17.The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg °C. Use energy = mass × 4200 × temperature rise to calculate the energy needed to heat 2 kg of water by 10 °C.
18.Using the value 4200 J/kg °C for water, use energy = mass × 4200 × temperature rise to calculate the energy needed to heat 0.5 kg of water by 20 °C.
19.A hot metal block cools from 100 °C to 40 °C in a tank of water. Calculate the temperature change of the block.
20.A freezer is at -18 °C and a room is at 24 °C. Calculate the temperature difference between them.
Answer Key
1. b) average kinetic energy of the particles
2. b) hot objects to cold objects
3. c) copper
4. b) liquids and gases
5. c) radiation
6. c) plastic foam
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End of Worksheet
People Also Ask
What does temperature measure?
The average kinetic energy of the particles, option (b) in this worksheet (Q1).
How does heat always flow?
From hot to cold objects, option (b) in this worksheet (Q2).
Which metal conducts heat well?
Copper, option (c) in this worksheet (Q3).
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