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Kinetic Theory of Gases Practice Problems with Solutions - A Level Year 13

A Level Year 13 | Physics | Kinetic Theory of Gases
Name: _________________________ Date: _________________________ Score: _______ / 40

The ideal gas equation is pV = nRT and temperature must be in kelvin, so this Year 13 sheet opens with the equation and its temperature scale. The key records 8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ as R and elastic collisions between moving molecules.

Key Takeaways

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)

Choose the correct option for each question.
1. The ideal gas equation is
(a) pV = nRT(b) pV = n ÷ RT(c) pV = RT ÷ n(d) p = nVRT
2. In the ideal gas equation, the temperature must be in
(a) kelvin(b) celsius(c) fahrenheit(d) any unit
3. The kinetic theory assumes that gas particles
(a) move randomly and collide elastically(b) are stationary(c) attract each other strongly(d) have zero mass
4. The average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to
(a) the absolute temperature(b) the pressure(c) the volume(d) the mass
5. The molar gas constant R has a value of approximately
(a) 8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹(b) 0.0821 J(c) 6.02 × 10²³(d) 1.38 × 10⁻²³
6. Increasing the temperature of a gas at constant volume
(a) increases the pressure(b) decreases the pressure(c) has no effect on the pressure(d) halves the pressure

Section B: Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks Each)

Show all steps clearly.
7. State the ideal gas equation.
8. What units must the temperature be in for the ideal gas equation?
9. State two assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases.
10. What is the average kinetic energy of gas particles proportional to?
11. What is the Avogadro constant?
12. Write the ideal gas equation in terms of the number of molecules N.
13. What is absolute zero?
14. Convert 27 °C to kelvin.

Section C: Numericals & Word Problems (3 Marks Each)

Apply the concepts to solve the problems. Show all working.
15. A gas has p = 100 kPa, V = 0.5 m³, n = 20 mol and T = 300 K. Using R = pV ÷ (nT) with p = 100000 Pa, check the value of the gas constant.
16. Convert a temperature of 27 °C to kelvin.
17. A gas occupies 2 m³ at a pressure of 100 kPa at constant temperature. Using pV = constant, find the pressure when the volume is 1 m³.
18. A gas at 300 K is heated to 600 K at constant pressure. Using V₁ ÷ T₁ = V₂ ÷ T₂ with V₁ = 2 m³, find the new volume.
19. Convert a temperature of 25 °C to kelvin.
20. 2 moles of an ideal gas are at p = 100000 Pa and T = 300 K. Using V = nRT ÷ p with R = 8.31, find the volume.

Answer Key

1. a) pV = nRT
2. a) kelvin
3. a) move randomly and collide elastically
4. a) the absolute temperature
5. a) 8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹
6. a) increases the pressure
7. Refer to solution guide.
8. Refer to solution guide.
9. Refer to solution guide.
10. Refer to solution guide.
11. Refer to solution guide.
12. Refer to solution guide.
13. Refer to solution guide.
14. Refer to solution guide.
15. Refer to solution guide.
16. Refer to solution guide.
17. Refer to solution guide.
18. Refer to solution guide.
19. Refer to solution guide.
20. Refer to solution guide.
End of Worksheet

People Also Ask

What is the ideal gas equation?

pV = nRT, option (a) in this worksheet (Q1).

What temperature scale must the gas equation use?

Kelvin, option (a) in this worksheet (Q2).

What is the value of R?

8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, option (a) in this worksheet (Q5).

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