The Standard Model describes fundamental particles and their interactions, and quarks build hadrons such as protons and neutrons, so this IB sheet opens with the model's scope and the quark job. The electron, photons and the strong nuclear force appear in the answers.
Key Takeaways
The Standard Model describes fundamental particles and interactions (Q1).
Quarks build hadrons such as protons and neutrons (Q2).
Q3 records electron among the answers.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)
Choose the correct option for each question.
1.The Standard Model describes
(a) fundamental particles and their interactions(b) the motion of planets(c) chemical reactions(d) sound waves
2.Quarks are the building blocks of
(a) hadrons such as protons and neutrons(b) electrons(c) photons(d) neutrinos
3.Which of these particles is a lepton?
(a) electron(b) proton(c) neutron(d) pion
4.The exchange particles that carry the electromagnetic force are
(a) photons(b) gluons(c) pions(d) neutrinos
5.The force that holds the nucleus together is the
(a) the same mass but opposite charge to its particle(b) the opposite mass(c) no charge(d) double the charge
Section B: Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks Each)
Show all steps clearly.
7.Name the two classes of fundamental particles.
8.What are quarks?
9.Give two examples of leptons.
10.Which force is exchanged by photons?
11.What is the strong nuclear force?
12.What is an antiparticle?
13.Which force is responsible for beta decay?
14.What is the charge on an up quark?
Section C: Numericals & Word Problems (3 Marks Each)
Apply the concepts to solve the problems. Show all working.
15.A proton is made of two up quarks and one down quark. An up quark has charge +2/3 e and a down quark has charge −1/3 e. Find the total charge of the proton.
16.A neutron is made of two down quarks and one up quark. Using the same charges, find the total charge of the neutron.
17.The rest mass of an electron is 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg. Using E = mc² with c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s, find its energy equivalent.
18.A pion decays into a muon and a neutrino. The muon has a charge of −1 e. What is the charge of the neutrino?
19.The mass of a proton is 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg. Using E = mc² with c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s, find its rest energy in joules.
20.An antiproton has a charge of −1 e. What is the charge of a proton?
Answer Key
1. a) fundamental particles and their interactions
2. a) hadrons such as protons and neutrons
3. a) electron
4. a) photons
5. a) strong nuclear force
6. a) the same mass but opposite charge to its particle
7. Refer to solution guide.
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End of Worksheet
People Also Ask
What does the Standard Model describe?
Fundamental particles and their interactions, option (a) in this worksheet (Q1).
What are quarks the building blocks of?
Hadrons such as protons and neutrons, option (a) in this worksheet (Q2).
What force holds the nucleus together?
The strong nuclear force, option (a) in this worksheet (Q5).
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